Tinnitus: What It Is, What Causes It, and How to Manage It

Fitness May 7, 2025 37 Add to Reading List

Tinnitus is not a disease itself, but a symptom of an underlying condition. It can be a sign of a problem with the auditory system, which includes the ears and the brain’s processing centers for sound. If you’re experiencing tinnitus, it’s important to consult an ENT specialist to determine the cause and discuss available treatment options.

What Causes Tinnitus?

There are several potential causes of tinnitus, and often, the specific cause remains unknown. Some of the most common causes of tinnitus include:

Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: One of the leading causes of tinnitus is prolonged exposure to loud noises. This can result in damage to the hair cells in the inner ear, leading to hearing loss and, often, tinnitus. Activities like listening to loud music or working in a noisy environment without hearing protection can increase your risk.
Age-Related Hearing Loss (Presbycusis): As people age, the sensory cells in the cochlea (the hearing organ in the inner ear) gradually deteriorate. This natural aging process can lead to both hearing loss and tinnitus.
Ear Infections or Blockages: Infections, fluid buildup, or blockages from earwax or foreign objects can cause pressure in the ear, leading to the perception of tinnitus. For example, if fluid from a sinus infection blocks the middle ear, it can create a ringing sensation.
Medical Conditions: Tinnitus can also be associated with certain medical conditions, including:
- Meniere’s Disease – A condition affecting the inner ear, leading to vertigo and hearing loss.
- Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorder – Jaw issues that can affect the auditory nerve.
- Cardiovascular Problems – Poor circulation, high blood pressure, or artery disease can cause changes in blood flow that lead to tinnitus.
Medications: Some medications, particularly those that are ototoxic (toxic to the ear), can cause tinnitus as a side effect. These include certain antibiotics, chemotherapy drugs, and high doses of aspirin.
Head and Neck Injuries: Trauma to the head, neck, or jaw can sometimes lead to tinnitus due to nerve damage or changes in blood flow.
Stress and Anxiety: Emotional stress and anxiety are also linked to the onset of tinnitus. While stress does not directly cause tinnitus, it can exacerbate symptoms and make them more noticeable.

While these are some common causes, tinnitus can also be idiopathic, meaning there is no obvious cause identified.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Tinnitus

Tinnitus can vary in how it manifests from person to person. Common symptoms include:

Ringing: The most common sound associated with tinnitus, but it can also sound like buzzing, hissing, clicking, or whooshing.
Persistent Sound: The sound may be constant or intermittent, and it may vary in pitch from high-pitched ringing to a low humming.
Changes in Sound with Movement: The sound may change with changes in head or body position.
Hearing Impairment: Many people with tinnitus also experience hearing loss, which can make it harder to hear external sounds.

Sleep and Concentration Issues: The constant noise can be disturbing, especially at night, leading to difficulty falling asleep and focusing during the day.

When to See an ENT Specialist for Tinnitus

If you are experiencing tinnitus, it’s crucial to see an ENT specialist to determine the underlying cause. In some cases, tinnitus is temporary and goes away on its own, but for many people, it can persist or worsen over time.

Here are some signs that you should see an ENT specialist for your tinnitus:

Persistent Tinnitus: If your tinnitus lasts more than a few days, it’s a good idea to get it checked out by a healthcare provider.
Hearing Loss: If you’re experiencing tinnitus along with hearing loss, it may indicate a more serious issue that needs attention.
Sudden Onset: If tinnitus suddenly begins and is associated with other symptoms such as dizziness or ear fullness, you should seek medical advice promptly.
Tinnitus in One Ear: If tinnitus occurs in only one ear, it could indicate a problem with the ear, such as an infection or damage to the auditory nerve.

Disrupts Daily Life: If your tinnitus is interfering with your ability to sleep, work, or concentrate, it’s time to seek professional help.

Treatment Options for Tinnitus

While there is no universal cure for tinnitus, there are various treatment options that can help manage the symptoms and improve quality of life. Your ENT specialist will recommend the best treatment plan for you based on the underlying cause of your tinnitus.

Hearing Aids: If tinnitus is associated with hearing loss, a hearing aid can help amplify external sounds and reduce the perceived ringing. In some cases, special tinnitus-masking hearing aids are used to help minimize the sound of tinnitus.
Sound Therapy: This involves using external sounds to help mask the tinnitus. This can be done using white noise machines or hearing aids with built-in sound generators. Sound therapy has been shown to help distract from the internal noise and make it less noticeable.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT is a type of talk therapy that helps you cope with the emotional impact of tinnitus. It aims to reduce anxiety and stress, which can make tinnitus symptoms worse.
Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT): TRT combines sound therapy with counseling. It helps the brain adjust to tinnitus by encouraging the brain to ignore the internal sounds.
Medications: While there is no specific medication for tinnitus, some medications can help alleviate the distressing symptoms. These may include antidepressants or anti-anxiety medications, which can help improve the emotional response to tinnitus.
Cochlear Implants: For those with severe tinnitus that does not respond to other treatments, cochlear implants may be an option if there is significant hearing loss.

Your ENT specialist will evaluate your condition and create a personalized treatment plan tailored to your needs.

Managing Tinnitus: Lifestyle Tips

While medical treatments can help alleviate tinnitus, there are lifestyle changes that can also support long-term management:

Avoid Loud Noises: Protect your ears from loud sounds, especially in environments like concerts or construction sites. Using earplugs or earmuffs can help protect your hearing.
Reduce Stress: Managing stress through relaxation techniques like yoga, meditation, or deep breathing can reduce the severity of tinnitus symptoms.
Limit Caffeine and Alcohol: Some people find that caffeine and alcohol exacerbate their tinnitus. Cutting back on these substances may help.

Get Enough Sleep: Adequate rest is essential for managing tinnitus. A good sleep routine can help you cope better with the condition.

Visit Ventura ENT for Expert Tinnitus Care

If you’re experiencing tinnitus, don’t wait to seek help. Dr. Armin Alavi, a board-certified ENT specialist at Ventura ENT, provides comprehensive evaluation and treatment for tinnitus. With years of experience in diagnosing and treating ear conditions, Dr. Alavi and the Ventura ENT team can help you manage your symptoms and improve your quality of life.

For an appointment, visit our Contact Us page or call us at (805) 335-1690. Our team is here to provide you with the expert care you need for your tinnitus and hearing health.